Carbon Steel
Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy, mainly composed of iron and carbon, with a carbon content between 0.0218% and 2.11%.
It has high hardness, high strength, good wear resistance and toughness, as well as certain plasticity and weldability. The composition of carbon steel usually contains a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus and other elements. Carbon steel can be divided into low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and high carbon steel according to the different carbon content.
In addition, carbon steel can be heat-treated to change its organizational structure and properties, so as to adapt to different application requirements.
Application
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Mechanical manufacturing field
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Carbon steel is used in the manufacture of machine parts, bearings, springs, hammers, etc. Low carbon steel is often used in automobile manufacturing and aerospace because of its moderate hardness and good toughness; Medium carbon steel has good hardness and toughness, which is mainly used to manufacture parts with large force; High carbon steel has a higher hardness and is often used in the manufacture of tools, springs, etc.
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Construction field
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Carbon steel is used to make rebar, rail, underground pipeline and so on. Low carbon steel is widely used in making steel structure because of its good toughness and easy processing. Medium carbon steel is suitable for making forgings, underground pipes and so on.
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Chemical industry field
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Carbon steel is used to make chemical equipment, electrodes and so on. Low carbon steel is widely used in the production of chemical reactors, evaporators and other equipment; High carbon steel is suitable for making electrodes.
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The electric power industry
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Carbon steel is used in the manufacture of power transmission towers, poles, landing devices, switching devices, etc. Because carbon steel has better heat resistance in high temperature environment, it can also be used to manufacture parts of high temperature boilers and power generation equipment.
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Aerospace field
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Carbon steel is used in the manufacture of many parts inside aircraft such as stiffeners, enclosures, internal members, etc. Due to its high strength and heat resistance, carbon steel has become an important material in the aerospace field.
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Grade
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Chemical Composition (mass fraction) %
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||||||
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C
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Si
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Mn
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P
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S
|
Alt
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Others
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|
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30
|
0.27～0.34
|
0.17～0.37
|
0.50～0.80
|
≤0.030
|
≤0.030
|
- |
Cu≤0.25
Ni≤0.30 Cr≤0.20 N≤0.008 (If the supplier can guarantee it, no analysis will be carried out) |
| 35 |
0.32～0.39
|
0.17～0.37
|
0.50～0.80
|
≤0.030
|
≤0.030
|
||
| 45 |
0.42～0.50
|
0.15～0.37
|
0.50～0.90
|
≤0.030
|
≤0.030
|
||
| 50 |
0.47～0.55
|
0.17～0.37
|
0.50～0.80
|
≤0.030
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≤0.030
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||
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C60E
|
0.57～0.65
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≤0.35
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0.60～0.90
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≤0.030
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≤0.020
|
- |
Ni≤0.40
Cr≤0.40 Mo≤0.10 |
| BJS15C | 0.13～0.18 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.30～0.70 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.010 |
≤0.060
|
Cu≤0.30
Ni≤0.20 Cr≤0.20 Ni+Cr≤0.35 |
| BJS20C | 0.18～0.23 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.30～0.70 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.010 | ||
| BJS55C | 0.52～0.58 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.010 | ||
| C10 | 0.08～0.13 | ≤0.35 | 0.30～0.60 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| S10C | 0.08～0.13 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.30～0.60 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| C15 | 0.13～0.18 | ≤0.35 | 0.30～0.60 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| S15C | 0.13～0.18 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.30～0.60 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| S20C | 0.18～0.23 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.30～0.60 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 |
≤0.060
|
Cu≤0.30
Ni≤0.20 Cr≤0.20 Ni+Cr≤0.354 |
| S35C | 0.32～0.38 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| S45C | 0.42～0.48 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| S50C | 0.47～0.53 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| S55C | 0.52～0.58 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SK85(SK5) | 0.80～0.90 | 0.10～0.35 | 0.10～0.50 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | - |
Cu≤0.25
Ni≤0.25 Cr≤0.30 |
| SK95(SK4) | 0.90～1.00 | 0.10～0.35 | 0.10～0.50 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1018a | 0.15～0.20 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 |
≤0.060
|
Cu≤0.35
Ni≤0.25 Cr≤0.20 Mo≤0.06 |
| SAE1020a | 0.18～0.23 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.30～0.60 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1022a | 0.18～0.23 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.70～1.00 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1035a | 0.32～0.38 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1045a | 0.43～0.50 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1050a | 0.47～0.55 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1055a | 0.52～0.60 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1065a | 0.65～0.70 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1070a | 0.65～0.80 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| SAE1078a | 0.72～0.85 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| C67S | 0.65～0.73 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 |
≤0.060
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Cr≤0.40
Ni≤0.40 Mo≤0.10 |
| C75S | 0.70～0.80 | 0.15～0.35 | 0.60～0.90 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 |
≤0.060
|
|
| 40Mn | 0.37～0.44 | 0.17～0.37 | 0.70～1.00 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 |
≤0.060
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Cr≤0.25
Ni≤0.25 Cu≤0.25 |
| 45Mn | 0.42～0.50 | 0.17～0.37 | 0.70～1.00 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.015 | ||
| 65Mn | 0.62～0.70 | 0.17～0.37 | 0.90～1.20 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.010 | ||
a For the brand SAE1018 ~ SAE1078, when the user requires Si≤0.10%, add the suffix "AK" after the brand.
See table for comparison of similar grades of relevant standards
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JIS G4051:2018
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SAE J403-2014
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EN10083-2:2006
EN ISO 683-1:2018 |
EN10084:2008
EN ISO 683-3:2022 |
EN10132-4:2003
EN10132:2022 |
Q/BQB 360-2023
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Q/BQB 360-2019
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S10C
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- | - |
C10E
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- |
S10C
C10 |
S10C
C10 |
|
S15C
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SAE1015
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- |
C15E
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- |
BJS15C
S15C C15 |
BJS15C
S15C C15 |
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S20C
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SAE1020
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C22E
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- | - |
BJS20C
S20C |
BJS20C
S20C |
| S30C | SAE1030 | - | - | - | 30 | - |
| S35C | SAE1035 | C35E | - | - |
35S
35C |
S35C |
| S45C | SAE1045 | C45E | - | - |
45S
45C |
S45C |
| S50C | SAE1050 | C50E | - | - |
50S
50C |
S50C |
| S55C | SAE1055 | C55E | - | - |
BJS55
CS55C |
BJS55CS55C
|
| S58C | SAE1060 | C60E | - | - | C60E | - |
| - | SAE1018 | - | C16E | - | SAE1018 | SAE1018 |
| S20C | SAE1020 | C22E | - | - | SAE1020 | SAE1020 |
| - | SAE1022 | - | - | - | SAE1022 | SAE1022 |
| S35C | SAE1035 | C35E | - | - | SAE1035 | SAE1035 |
| S45C | SAE1045 | C45E | - | - | SAE1045 | SAE1045 |
| S50C | SAE1050 | C50E | - | - | SAE1050 | SAE1050 |
| S55C | SAE1055 | C55E | - | - | SAE1055 | SAE1055 |
| - | SAE1065 | - | - | C67S | SAE1065 | SAE1065 |
| - | SAE1070 | - | - |
C67S
C75S |
SAE1070 | SAE1070 |
| - | SAE1078 | - | - | C85S | SAE1078 | - |
| - | SAE1070 | - | - | C67S | C67S | C67S |
| - | SAE1074 | - | - | C75S | C75S | - |
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JIS G4401:2022
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JIS G4051:2018
|
SAE
J403-2014 |
GB/T
699-2015 GB/T 711-2017 |
GB/T 1222
-2016 |
GB/T 24181
-2009-2022 |
YB/T
4688-2018 |
Q/BQB 360-2023
|
Q/BQB 360
-2019 |
| - |
S40C
|
SAE1040
|
40Mn
|
- | - | - |
40Mn
|
40Mn
|
| - |
S45C
|
SAE1046
|
45Mn
|
- | - | - |
45 Mn
|
45 Mn
|
| - | - |
SAE1566
|
65 Mn
|
65Mn
|
65Mn
|
65Mn
|
65 Mn
|
65 Mn
|
|
SK85(SK5)
|
- |
SAE1086
|
- | - | - | - |
SK85(SK5)
|
- |
|
SK95(SK4)
|
- |
SAE1090
|
- | - | - | - |
SK95(SK4)
|
- |
Production Process
