As global energy demand rises and the push for higher efficiency in power systems intensifies, Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel (CRGO) has become a critical focus in the development of power transformer technology. Thanks to its low core loss and high magnetic induction, CRGO plays a vital role in improving transformer performance and reducing energy loss. This article explores the technical characteristics, application scenarios, and future trends of CRGO, highlighting real-world examples to show how smart material selection can optimize transformer design.

1. Basic Transformer Structure & CRGO Applications

Transformers are essential components in any power system, typically classified as dry-type or oil-immersed. Regardless of type, their core components include the iron core, windings, tank, and auxiliary parts. Among them, the iron core—often referred to as the "heart" of the transformer—plays a crucial role in magnetic flux transmission.

Dry-type Transformer and Oil-immersed Transformer

Modern transformers primarily use 0.35–0.5 mm thick silicon steel sheets for the iron core. These sheets are specially treated and insulated, then laminated in a staggered pattern to form a rigid magnetic circuit.

Most power transformers adopt a core-type design that forms a closed magnetic path and offers structural support for coil installation. Depending on the size of the transformer, the core cross-section may vary: small transformers use rectangular or square cores, while larger ones use stepped cross-sections to maximize space and efficiency.

Core of a Small Transformer and  Core of a Large Transformer

The iron core typically consists of core limbs (columns) and yokes. Windings are wound around the limbs, while the yoke connects the limbs to complete the magnetic circuit.

Combined with high-quality silicon steel, this design minimizes eddy currents and hysteresis losses, significantly improving magnetic performance.

CRGO is widely used in different core sections:

• Main Core: Carries the primary magnetic flux. High-grade CRGO (e.g., 30Q120, 35Q145, M085-30P090, 27ZH100) is used to minimize no-load losses and enhance efficiency.
• Yoke Iron: Connects the core limbs. Medium-grade CRGO (e.g., 27Q120, 23Q110, M105-27P095) offers a good balance of performance and cost.
• Clamps & Fasteners: Although not part of the magnetic path, material choice here also affects overall core performance and must be selected carefully.

2. Key Features and Value of Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel

CRGO is manufactured using a specialized rolling and heat treatment process that aligns its crystal grains in the rolling direction, granting superior magnetic properties along that axis.

Core Features of CRGO:

• Low Core Loss (P1.7/50):
  Core loss reflects the material’s energy loss. CRGO minimizes this, improving transformer efficiency. For instance, 23Q110 with a core loss of 1.08 W/kg can reduce no-load losses by 15%–20%.

• High Magnetic Induction (B800):
  High induction allows transformers to operate with lower excitation current, cutting operating costs. The 30Q120 grade, with a magnetic induction of 1.86 T, is ideal for high-efficiency transformers.

• Excellent Lamination Factor:
  A high lamination factor ensures optimal packing density in the core, improving performance. For example, 27Q120 with a factor of 0.96 enhances power density significantly.

3. Application Scenarios in Power Transformers

CRGO directly impacts transformer efficiency and reliability. Key application areas include:

• Large Power Transformers:

Large Power Transformers

Used in power plants and substations. These require ultra-low core loss and high induction. One manufacturer used 35Q145 to design a 500kV transformer, cutting no-load loss by 12% and saving over RMB 500,000 annually.

• Distribution Transformers:

Distribution Transformers

These convert high-voltage electricity for end-users. With their large numbers, improving their efficiency has system-wide impact. A transformer maker using 23Q110 improved its efficiency rating from IE2 to IE3, meeting global standards.

• High-Frequency Transformers:

High-Frequency Transformers

Growing in new energy and EV sectors, high-frequency transformers demand superior magnetic performance. One new energy firm using 18P070 improved efficiency by 8% and reduced transformer volume by 15%.

• Energy-Saving Transformers:

Energy-Saving Transformers

With the global push for energy conservation, CRGO is ideal for energy-efficient designs. A transformer maker selected high-performance CRGO to meet IEC efficiency standards, saving over 1 million kWh annually.

4. Baosteel CRGO Grades Supplied by Moopec & Real-World Use Cases

Moopec specializes in CRGO processing, sheet cutting, and lamination services, offering reliable and high-performance solutions. Our CRGO materials are sourced exclusively from Baosteel—one of the world's leading steel producers—renowned for its premium quality.

Representative Grades and Use Cases:

• 23Q110 (Equivalent: M105-23P100)

  • Max Core Loss: 1.08 W/kg
  • Min Induction: 1.85 T
  • Use Case: Boosted distribution transformer efficiency to IE3, saving over 800,000 kWh per year.

• 30Q120 (Equivalent: M085-30P090)

  • Max Core Loss: 1.15 W/kg
  • Min Induction: 1.86 T
  • Use Case: Used in a 220kV transformer, reduced no-load loss by 10%, saving over RMB 300,000 annually.

• 35Q145 (Equivalent: M085-35P100)

  • Max Core Loss: 1.25 W/kg
  • Min Induction: 1.86 T
  • Use Case: Deployed in a high-efficiency large transformer, saving over 1.2 million kWh per year.

• High-Induction Grades (e.g., 18P070, 23P085 | Equivalent: M070-18P070, M085-23P085)

  • Ultra-low core loss and high magnetic induction
  • Use Case: A new energy company improved transformer efficiency by 8% and reduced size by 15% using 18P070.

5. Future Trends in CRGO Development

As the power industry demands greater efficiency and reliability, CRGO continues to evolve. Key trends include:

• Ultra-Low Core Loss Materials:
  Ongoing improvements in rolling and annealing aim to bring losses below 0.9 W/kg. Baosteel is at the forefront, and Moopec will offer these high-performance materials as soon as they are released.

• Higher Magnetic Induction Grades:
  Raising induction enables transformers to run at lower excitation currents. Moopec’s 23P085, with 1.9 T induction, is already in use in high-efficiency transformer projects.

• Thinner CRGO Sheets (e.g., 0.18mm, 0.20mm):
  Ideal for high-frequency transformers, these reduce core loss and size. Moopec’s 18P070 is widely adopted in compact, high-frequency designs.

• Green Manufacturing:
  Cleaner production processes are being adopted to reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption. Baosteel is a pioneer in green steelmaking, and Moopec is committed to supplying environmentally friendly, high-efficiency materials.

6. Moopec: Your Partner for Material Selection and Supply

Moopec is dedicated to delivering high-quality CRGO and value-added services such as sheet cutting, slitting, and lamination. Our products are exclusively sourced from Baosteel, ensuring consistent performance and quality.

What We Offer:

• Material Selection & Technical Support:
  Tailored recommendations based on your design requirements, ensuring the best match of CRGO grade for optimal transformer performance.

• Precision Processing Services:
  High-quality sheet cutting and lamination to simplify integration into your production process and reduce time and cost.

• End-to-End Quality Assurance:
  From sourcing to delivery, we enforce strict quality control with full inspection reports for every batch.

• Fast Response & On-Time Delivery:
  Our streamlined supply chain allows us to meet tight deadlines and support your production schedules with quick turnaround.

Conclusion
CRGO is the cornerstone of efficient, reliable transformer design. By choosing the right material, manufacturers can significantly enhance energy performance. As technology progresses, CRGO will continue advancing in areas such as ultra-low loss, higher induction, thinner specifications, and sustainable manufacturing.

At Moopec, we are your trusted partner for CRGO material sourcing and processing. With premium Baosteel products and expert services, we support your success in transformer manufacturing. Looking for a dependable CRGO supplier? Contact us for a free consultation and technical support.